Amawasha amagagasi, obeye aziwe njengo amawashi entwasahlobo noma amawasha asentwasahlobo, ziwuhlobo oluhlakaniphile nolusebenza kahle kakhulu lwengxenye yasentwasahlobo eklanyelwe ukusebenzisa amandla anxephezelayo lapho icindezelwe. Zibonakala ngothayela wazo ohlukile noma "wavy" iphrofayili, ezivumela ukuthi zisebenze njengentwasahlobo ehlangene, ngokuvamile kakhulu ukugcina ukulayisha kuqala, amunca ukushaqeka, noma nidlale i-axial emhlanganweni.
Ngokungafani namawasha ayisicaba (esabalalisa umthwalo futhi uvimbele ukuxega) noma imithombo yekhoyili yendabuko (ezenzelwe ukuchezuka okukhulu), ama-wash washer akhiwe ukuze anikeze okuthile, amandla aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nebanga elincane le-axial, ukubenza balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinendawo elinganiselwe.
KUCHAZWE AMAWASHA AMAGAZA: IYASEBENZISA, SIZE ISHADI, ABAKHIQIZI NOMHLAHLANDLELA WOKUTHENGA
Iyini i-Wave Washer?
A umshini wokuwasha iwuhlobo lwewasha yasentwasahlobo ehlanganisa uchungechunge lwama-undulations noma "amagagasi" ukuzungeza ukuzungeza kwayo. Lapho icindezelwe, lawa maza ayancipha, ukuhlinzeka ngamandla entwasahlobo ahlehlela emuva ngokumelene nezingxenye zokukhwelana. Asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ezinhlelweni eziguquguqukayo ezimile noma ezingajwayelekile lapho isikhala se-axial siphezulu futhi silingana., amandla amancane okulwa ayadingeka.
Izimpawu Ezisemqoka:
- Iphrofayela Ehlanganisiwe: Isici esichazayo, ukudala isenzo sasentwasahlobo.
- Isicelo se-Axial Load: Idizayinelwe ukusebenzisa amandla ku-eksisi ye-shaft noma ibhawudi.
- Ukonga Isikhala: Inzuzo yabo eyinhloko ngaphezu kweziphethu zekhoyili yikhono labo lokuletha amandla endaweni encishiswe kakhulu ye-axial.
- Isilinganiso Esiqhubekayo (ngokuvamile): Njengoba becaba, banikeza izinga lentwasahlobo elibikezelwayo.
Indlela Amawashi Asebenza Ngayo
Lapho i-wash washer ifakwe phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili futhi icindezelwe, amagagasi alo asebenza njengemithombo emincane. Njengoba iwasha isicaba ibheke "ubude bayo obuqinile" (ukuphakama lapho ucindezelwe ngokugcwele), ikhiqiza amandla asebenzayo. La mandla asetshenziselwa:
- Gcina ukulayisha kuqala: Gcina izingxenye zicindezelwe ndawonye, ukuvimbela ukuxega noma ukugedla.
- Inxephezela Ngokubekezelela Stack-up: Misa ukuhlukahluka kobukhulu bengxenye ukuze uqinisekise ukuhlangana okufanayo.
- Absorb Shock and Vibration: Dampen ukunyakaza okuncane futhi unciphise umsindo.
- Gcwalisa Izikhala: Ukuvala izikhala ezincane ze-axial emhlanganweni.
Izinzuzo zamawashi amagagasi
- I-Axial Space Savings: Inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kudinga 50% indawo ye-axial encane kunesiphethu sekhoyili yendabuko yomthwalo ofanayo nokuchezuka.
- Amandla Aqinile Aqinile: Inikeza amandla entwasahlobo angabikezelwa futhi afanayo.
- Ukwethuka & Ukudlidliza Ukumuncwa: Isiza ukudambisa imithwalo enamandla futhi inciphise umsindo.
- Inxephezela Ukunwetshwa/Ukufinyela Okushisayo: Igcina ukuxhumana okuphephile naphezu kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.
- Iqeda i-Axial Play: Okubalulekile ekuthwaleni ama-assembly ukuvimbela ukugwedla.
- Ifaka Izinguquko Zokubekezelelana: Iqinisekisa ukuhambisana kahle nokuhlukahluka kokukhiqiza.
- Kuqiza kahle: Ngokuvamile isixazululo esinomnotho kakhulu samandla e-axial spring kuneziphethu zamakhoyili ngokwezifiso noma izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Izinhlobo zamawashi amagagasi
Nakuba isimiso esiyisisekelo siyafana, ama-wave washers eza ngokulungiselelwa okuningana:
- Ukuphenduka Okukodwa (I-Crest-to-Crest): Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Igagasi elilodwa eliqhubekayo.
- I-Multi-Turn: Iqukethe ukuphenduka okustakiwe okuningi kwentwasahlobo yegagasi elilodwa. Lokhu kunikeza izici ezinkulu zokuchezuka kanye nezinga lentwasahlobo eliphansi lomthwalo othile.
- Isidleke Iwashi Wave: Amawasha amagagasi amaningi amaningi akha isidleke phakathi kwelinye. Isetshenziselwa amandla aphezulu kakhulu ezindaweni ezihlangene.
- Uhlobo lwe-Gap/Okugqagqana: Isho ukuthi iziphetho zentambo zihlangana kanjani. "Gap" inendawo encane, "Ukuhlangana" inamaphethelo agqagqene, okuthonya ukuzungeza nokufaneleka.
Amagama Abalulekile
Ukuze ukhethe iwasha wave efanele, baqonde la magama:
- Outer Diameter (OF): Isilinganiso ngaphesheya kwewasha.
- Ububanzi Bangaphakathi (I-ID): Isilinganiso ngaphesheya kwembobo yangaphakathi yewasha.
- Ukuphakama Kwamahhala (FH): Ukuphakama kwewasha esimweni sayo esingacindezelwanga.
- Ubude Bomsebenzi (WH): Ubude lapho iwasha yakhelwe ukusebenza khona, ukunikeza umthwalo wayo oshiwo.
- Ukuphakama Okuqinile (SH): Ubude obuncane bewasha uma icindezelwe ngokugcwele (wonke amagagasi aba isicaba).
- Ubukhulu Bezinto: Ubukhulu bentambo noma impahla esetshenzisiwe.
- Inombolo Yamagagasi: Isibalo sokuguquguquka okuzungeze isiyingi.
- Layisha/Phoqa: Amandla entwasahlobo asetshenziswa iwasha endaweni ethile echezukile noma ubude bomsebenzi.
- Isilinganiso Sentwasahlobo (k): Ushintsho lwamandla ngeyunithi ngayinye yokuchezuka.
Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile Kwamawashi Amagagasi
Amawasha amaza anemisebenzi eminingi ngendlela emangalisayo futhi atholakala kuhlelo olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuzo zonke izimboni eziningi.:
- I-Bearing Preload: Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile. Basebenzisa i-axial force engaguquki kuma-ball bearings ukuqeda umdlalo wokugcina, nciphisa ukudlidliza, and increase bearing life, especially in electric motors, amabhokisi ogiya, kanye nezicelo zezimoto.
- Ama-valve Assemblies: Providing return force for valve seats, plungers, or flow control mechanisms.
- Clutch Assemblies: Maintaining tension on clutch plates.
- Connectors (Electrical/Fluid): Ensuring consistent contact pressure to maintain electrical conductivity or seal integrity.
- Gear Trains: Taking up backlash or axial play between gears.
- Brakes: Preloading brake components.
- Amaphampu: Maintaining sealing pressure or providing axial compensation.
- Ama-Actuator & Amarobhothi: In compact mechanisms requiring precise linear force.
- Heavy Equipment: In various pivot points and connections.
- General Machinery: Anywhere small axial forces are needed in tight spaces.
Wave Washer Size Chart (General Guidance & Disclaimer)
IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER: There is no single universally standardized wave washer size chart that every manufacturer adheres to. Umkhiqizi ngamunye uzoba nekhathalogi yakhe enobukhulu obuthile kanye nezilinganiso zomthwalo ezihambisanayo zemigqa yomkhiqizo wabo.
Nokho, ishadi elijwayelekile lewashi lamagagasi lizokwethula ulwazi ngefomethi yethebula, ngokuvamile ihlelwe ngu Ububanzi Bangaphakathi (I-ID) na- Outer Diameter (OF). Ubuzobe usubheka amakholomu ahlobene ne:
- Inombolo Yengxenye: Inkomba ehlukile yewasha ethile.
- Usayizi Wokuqamba Wokuqamba / Bore Size: Iyiphi i-ID/OD yakhelwe ukuthi ilingane.
- I-OD yangempela (mm / intshi)
- I-ID yangempela (mm / intshi)
- Ukuphakama Kwamahhala (FH) (mm / intshi)
- Ubukhulu Bezinto (t) (mm / intshi)
- Inombolo Yamagagasi
- Ubude Bomsebenzi (WH) (mm / intshi) noma ububanzi (isib., kusuka 70% ku 50% Yokuphakama Kwamahhala)
- Layisha Ekuphakameni Komsebenzi (N / lbf): Amandla ahlinzekwe ngobude obushiwo bomsebenzi. Lokhu kubalulekile.
- Ukuphakama Okuqinile (SH) (mm / intshi):
- Ukuchezuka Okuncane kube Okuqinile (mm / intshi)
Isibonelo Sokufakwa Kweshadi Eliqanjiwe (okomfanekiso kuphela):
| Ingxenye No. | I-Shaft Dia. (mm) | OF (mm) | I-ID (mm) | Ukuphakama Kwamahhala (mm) | Impahla Thk. (mm) | # Amagagasi | Ubude Bomsebenzi (mm) | Layisha @ WH (N) | Ukuphakama Okuqinile (mm) | Into uqobo lwayo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WW-15-22-3 | 15 | 22 | 15.5 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 3 | 1.0 | 35 | 0.9 | SS 302 |
| WW-20-28-4 | 20 | 28 | 20.5 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 4 | 1.5 | 60 | 1.0 | SS 302 |
| WW-30-40-5 | 30 | 40 | 30.8 | 3.2 | 0.5 | 5 | 2.0 | 90 | 1.2 | SS 17-7 |
How to Use a Manufacturer's Chart:
- Thola i-ID yakho edingekayo kanye ne-OD: Lokhu kuzoncika ku-shaft/bore ongena kuso.
- Nquma Umthwalo/Amandla akho adingekayo: Lena ipharamitha ebalulekile yokugcina ukulayisha kuqala noma amandla okumunca.
- Nquma indawo yakho ye-axial etholakalayo: Iwasha ingacindezelwa kangakanani? Lokhu kuzohlobana noKuphakama Kwamahhala, Ubude Bomsebenzi, kanye Nokuphakama Okuqinile.
- Thola Inombolo Yengxenye: Bheka eshadini ukuze uthole iwasha ehlangabezana nezidingo zakho zobukhulu nokulayisha.
- Bala Ukuchezuka: Qinisekisa ukuthi iwasha ekhethiwe ingachezuka ukusuka ekuphakameni kwayo kwamahhala iye kubude bayo bomsebenzi ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yakho yokusebenza ngaphandle kokufinyelela ubude obuqinile kusenesikhathi kakhulu noma ukuba nohambo olunganele..
- Qinisekisa Okubalulekile: Hlola ukuthi impahla ifanele indawo yakho.
Ngokuvamile, you'll find ranges like:
- ODs: Kusuka kumamilimitha ambalwa (isib., 5mm) kufika kumakhulu amamilimitha (isib., 600mm noma ngaphezulu).
- Inombolo Yamagagasi: Ngokuvamile 3, 4, 5, noma 6 amaza amawasha anejika elilodwa. Amawasha anamajika amaningi azoba nokunye.
Always refer to the specific manufacturer's catalog or online selector tool for definitive data.
Izinto Zokuwasha Amagagasi
Ukukhethwa kwempahla kubalulekile ekusebenzeni nokuphila isikhathi eside:
- I-Carbon Spring Steel (1070-1090): Ezomnotho, amandla amahle. Imvamisa iphathwa ngokushisa futhi ingase ifakwe i-phosphate coated noma i-zinc plated ukumelana nokugqwala.
- Insimbi engagqwali (302, 316): Ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, amandla amukelekayo, kanye nokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa. 316 inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu 302.
- 17-7 PH Insimbi Engagqwali: Amandla amahle kakhulu, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, kanye nokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (kufika cishe ku-340°C noma ku-650°F).
- I-Inconel X-750: Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu (kufika ku-700°C noma ku-1290°F) kanye nezindawo ezonakalisa kakhulu.
- I-Beryllium Copper: Okungewona uzibuthe, conductive kakhulu, futhi ilungele izinhlelo zikagesi.
- I-Phosphor Bronze: Ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, omuhle kakhulu kagesi conductivity, futhi ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza eziguqukayo.
Ama-Patings/Coatings: Zinc, I-Phosphate, I-Cadmium, I-Electroless Nickel, kanye nezinye izimbobo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zingasetshenziselwa ukumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe noma izindawo ezithile ezingaphezulu.
Abakhiqizi Abaphambili Bamawashi Amagagasi
Abakhiqizi abaningana abahlonishwayo basebenza ngokukhethekile kumawasha amaza nezinye izinto zasentwasahlobo. Ezinye ezaziwa kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Inkampani ye-Smalley Steel Ring: Umholi womhlaba, ikakhulukazi aziwa ngamaringi awo e-Spirolox® spiral retaining and WaveRing® wave springs (uphawu oluvelele endaweni yentwasahlobo yamagagasi). Banikeza ikhathalogi ebanzi namandla okuklama ngokwezifiso.
- I-Associated Spring Raymond (ibhizinisi le-MW Industries): Inkulu, umkhiqizi wentwasahlobo ohlukahlukene ohlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo yasentwasahlobo, kuhlanganise namawashi amaza.
- Inkampani ka-Lee Spring: Inikeza umugqa ophelele weziphethu zesitoko kanye nemithombo yangokwezifiso, kuhlanganise namawashi amaza.
- Inkampani kaGillen (Inkampani ye-MW Industries): Esinye isigaba se-MW Industries, onguchwepheshe bokugcina izindandatho neziphethu zamagagasi.
- I-Arconic (ngaphambilini Alcoa Fastening Systems): Ngenkathi inkampani yokuqinisa ebanzi, bangase banikeze amawasha entwasahlobo akhethekile.
- Abakhiqizi bangokwezifiso/ongoti besifunda: Eziningi ezincane, abakhiqizi abakhethekile basentwasahlobo nabo bakhiqiza amawasha amaza, ngokuvamile ezimbonini ezithile noma izicelo ngokwezifiso.
Lapho kutholwa, it's often best to start with these larger, izinkampani ezizinze kahle ngenxa yezinsiza zabo eziningi zobunjiniyela, ikhwalithi yokulawula, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo ebanzi.
Umhlahlandlela Wokuthenga: Ungawakhetha Kanjani Futhi Uthenge Amawashi Amagagasi
Landela lezi zinyathelo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ukhetha iwashi yegagasi efanele yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza:
-
Chaza Izidingo Zakho:
- Isicelo: Uzobe wenzani ngempela umshini wokuwasha? (isib., ukulayisha kuqala i-bearing, ukushaqeka okumuncayo, ukuthatha i-axial play).
- Isikhala Esitholakalayo: Imaphi ama-OD aphezulu kakhulu, ubuncane be-ID, kanye nemikhawulo ephezulu yokuphakama kwe-axial? Lona ngokuvamile umshayeli oyinhloko.
- Umthwalo Odingekayo (Phoqa): Ayini ngempela amandla (ku-N noma ku-lbf) udinga iwasha ukuze unikeze kuyo ukuphakama komsebenzi? Lona ipharamitha yokusebenza ebaluleke kakhulu.
- Ibanga Lokuchezuka: Iwasha izothola ukuminyanisa okungakanani ekusebenzeni (kusukela ekuphakameni kwamahhala kuya ekuphakameni komsebenzi)? Ensure it doesn't reach solid height prematurely or have insufficient travel.
- I-Operating Temperature Range: (Ubuncane kanye Nobukhulu) Lokhu kunomthelela ekukhethweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
- Izimo Zemvelo: Ingabe ukugqwala kuyakhathaza (umswakama, amakhemikhali, isifutho sikasawoti)? Ingabe zikhona izidingo kazibuthe?
- Dynamic vs. I-Static Load: Ingabe umthwalo uhlala njalo noma uyashintshashintsha? Lokhu kuthinta ukucatshangelwa kwempilo yokukhathala.
- Ukukhathala Ukuphila: Mingaki imijikelezo yokucindezela okufanele iwasha ibekezele? (isib., 100,000 imijikelezo, 1 imijikelezo eyizigidi, njll.).
- Indlela Yomhlangano: Ngezandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo?
-
Bheka Ikhathalogi Yomkhiqizi/Amathuluzi Okukhetha:
- Vakashela amawebhusayithi abakhiqizi abahamba phambili (Smalley, I-Associated Spring Raymond, Lee Spring, njll.).
- Sebenzisa izikhethi zabo zomkhiqizo eziku-inthanethi. Ngokuvamile ufaka i-ID yakho, OF, nomthwalo owufunayo, futhi ithuluzi lizohlunga izinketho ezifanele.
- Landa amakhathalogi abo aphelele ngefomethi ye-PDF ukuze uthole imininingwane enemininingwane.
-
Linganisa Izinga vs. Ngokwezifiso:
- Qala ngokufuna osayizi besitoko abajwayelekile. Lezi zitholakala kalula, ngokuvamile yonga kakhulu, futhi ube nezikhathi zokuhola ezisheshayo.
- If a standard size doesn't meet all critical requirements (ikakhulukazi ukulayisha nokuphambuka endaweni etholakalayo), cishe uzodinga a iwashi wave ngokwezifiso. Abakhiqizi abaningi abahlonishwayo banikeza imiklamo yangokwezifiso kanye nezinsizakalo zokukhiqiza. Lokhu kuzobandakanya ukubonisana okwengeziwe konjiniyela kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zamathuluzi ngamanani amancane.
-
Cabangela Indaba:
- Ngokusekelwe ezingeni lokushisa lakho, ukugqwala, kanye nezidingo zamandla, khetha impahla efanele (isib., 17-7 I-PH SS yamandla aphezulu, 316 I-SS yokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu).
-
Cela Amasampula & Izibonelo:
- Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibucayi, cela amasampula abawasha abangase bawahlole emhlanganweni wakho. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uqinisekise ifomu, kufanelekile, futhi usebenze ngaphambi kokwenza i-oda elikhulu.
- Okwemiklamo yangokwezifiso, cela ama-prototypes.
-
Qhathanisa Izilinganiso:
- Uma usunezinketho ezimbalwa ezifanele (ejwayelekile noma inkambiso), thola izingcaphuno kubakhiqizi abaningi noma abasabalalisi. Qhathanisa hhayi nje intengo, kodwa futhi izikhathi zokuhola, inani elincane le-oda (I-MOQ), kanye nokwesekwa kwamakhasimende.
-
Buyekeza Idatha Yezobuchwepheshe & Izitifiketi:
- Qinisekisa ukuthi umenzi angahlinzeka ngedatha yezobuchwepheshe efanele, Ukuqinisekiswa Kwezinto Ezibonakalayo (Ama-MTR), kanye nemibhalo yokuthobela imithetho (isib., I-RoHS, FIKA) uma kudingeka.
-
Faka i-oda:
- Uma usunelisekile ngokukhetha, ukuhlola, kanye namanani entengo, faka i-oda lakho.
Amawashi amaza ayingxenye encane kodwa enamandla kubunjiniyela bemishini. Amandla abo okuletha amandla aqondile we-axial ku-compact form factor abenza babaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni eziningi zokusebenza., ukuthuthukisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kwemihlangano emhlabeni wonke.