Chii Chiri Chitubu Chekuwedzera uye Inoshandiswa Sei?
You're looking for an "expansion spring," asi izwi rinotungamira mukuvhiringa kutsvaga mhinduro. You can't be sure if it's a spring that pushes or pulls, zvichiita kuti zvisakwanise kuhodha nemazvo.
An "chitubu chekuwedzera[^ 1]" izwi rinozivikanwa asi risiri rehunyanzvi rekuwedzera chirimo. It's a tightly wound coil designed to resist a pulling force. Kana yakatambanudzwa, iyo "inowedzera" pakureba, inochengetedza simba, uye ichibva yadzokera kumashure kune yayo yekutanga, saizi pfupi.
Mune ruzivo rwangu semugadziri, I've found that names can be tricky. "Expansion spring" muenzaniso wakakwana weizvi. Izwi rokuti "kuwedzera" zvinogona kureva zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana. Inowedzera nekutambanudza, kana kuti inowedzera kudzokera kuhukuru hwayo hwepakutanga mushure mekumanikidzwa? Kuvhiringidzika uku kunogona kutungamirira kukuraira chikamu chisina kunaka, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti chirongwa chikundikane. Let's clear up exactly what this term means and how these springs work.
Ko Kuwedzera Chitubu Kudhonza kana Kusundidzira?
Zita rokuti "expansion spring" ndiye honzeri yedambudziko. Kana chitubu chichiwedzera, irikurebesa kubva pakukweva, kana kuti iri kuwedzera kudzokera kuchimiro chayo chepakutanga kubva pakusundidzira?
An "chitubu chekuwedzera[^ 1]" inenge nguva dzose inoreva chitubu chekuwedzera, iyo yakagadzirirwa kudhonza. Inowedzera nekutambanudza. A compression spring, pane rimwe divi, inowedzera nekudzoka kune yayo yakareba, mamiriro ekuzorora mushure mekudzvinyirirwa kana kusundirwa. Mabasa avo anopesana.
Uyu ndiwo musiyano unonyanya kukosha munyika yezvitubu. Kana mutengi akandikumbira chitubu chekuwedzera[^ 1], chinhu chekutanga chandinoita kujekesa chikumbiro. Uri kuedza kuvharira dhoo rescreen, kana kuti uri kuedza kutsigira uremu hwemotokari? Musuwo wescreen unoda simba rekudhonza (chitubu chekuwedzera). Motokari inoda simba rekusundidzira (a compression spring[^ 2]). Chitubu chekuwedzera chinogadzirwa nemakoiri ayo akanyatso kudzvanywa pamwechete, akagadzirira kuramba kudhonzwa. Chitubu chekutsikirira chinogadzirwa chine mikaha pakati pemakoiri ayo, yakagadzirira kusvinwa. Using one for the other's job is a recipe for immediate failure.
Mhando mbiri dze "Kuwedzera"
Nzira iyo chitubu "chinowedzera" inotsanangura basa rayo.
- Extension Springs (The Pullers): Zvitubu izvi zvinowedzera kureba kana tensile (kudhonza) simba rinoshandiswa. Basa ravo nderekukwevera zvikamu kumashure pamwe chete. Vane maronda akasimba macoil uye anopera muhoko kana zvishwe.
- Compression Springs (Vasundidzi): Zvitubu izvi "zvinowedzera" kudzokera kuhurefu hwavo hwepakutanga mushure mekumanikidzika (kusunda) simba rinobviswa. Basa ravo nderekusundira zvikamu zvakasiyana. Vane makoiri akavhurika uye kazhinji ane flat, pasi panopera.
| Feature | Kuwedzera Chitubu (Anodhonza) | Kudzvinyirira Spring (Anosaidzira) |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Action | Kuramba kudhonzwa nepakati. | Kuramba kusundwa pamwe chete. |
| Iyo "Inowedzera" | Inowedzera kubva pakuzorora kwayo kana yakatambanudzwa. | Inowedzera kudzokera kumamiriro ayo ekuzorora mushure mekudzvinyirirwa. |
| Coil Structure | Coils are tight together (hapana mikaha). | Makoiri ane mikaha pakati pawo (pitch). |
| Ends | Hoko kana zvishwe zvekunamatira. | Kuvhura kana kuvharwa, pasi sandara magumo. |
Sei Yekuwedzera Chitubu Inogadzira Simba Rayo?
Unoona kuti chitubu chinodhonzera kumashure paunochitambanudza. Asi izvozvo zvinokurumidza kupi, kupikisa kwakasimba kunobva, kunyange isati yatambanuka kwazvo?
Kuwedzera (extension) chitubu chinogadzira simba rayo mumatanho maviri. Yokutanga ndiyo "kunetsana kwekutanga," simba rakavakwa rinobata makoiri zvakasimba pamwechete. Chechipiri ndicho "spring rate[^3]," rinova iro simba rekuwedzera rinodiwa pachikamu chega chega chedaro chainotambanudzwa.
Patinogadzira chitubu chekuwedzera, isu tinoshandisa yakasarudzika nzira yekukoira waya pasi pekunetsekana. Iyi nzira inogadzira pre-mutoro inosvina macoil ese pamwechete. Aya ndiwo makakatanwa ekutanga. Iwe unofanirwa kushandisa simba rakakwana kuti ukunde "kunamira"." chitubu chisati chatombotanga kutambanuka. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chitubu chitsva chegonhi chinobata gonhi rakavharika zvakasimba. Kana iwe uchinge wadhonza kupfuura kwekutanga tension, chiyero chechirimo chinotora. Uku ndiko kuoma kwechirimo. Chitubu chine mwero we 10 lbs/inch zvinoda 10 mamwe mapaundi esimba kune imwe neimwe inchi yakawedzerwa yaunoitambanudza. Isu tinokwanisa kugadzirisa ese ari maviri aya maitiro kuendesa iyo chaiyo simba mbiri inodiwa nemutengi.
Izvo Zvikamu Zviviri zveMasimba
Kunzwisisa mauto maviri aya ndicho chinhu chikuru pakutsanangura chirimo chaicho.
- Kutanga Tension: Iri isimba rinogara riripo kana chitubu chazorora. Inopa simba rekudhonza rekutanga rinofanirwa kukundwa kusati kwaitika chero kuwedzerwa.
- Spring Rate (Kuomarara): Iri isimba rinoshanduka rinowedzera mutsara sezvo chitubu chinotambanudzwa. Inoona kuti kudhonza kunowedzera kusimba zvakadii sezvo chitubu chinorebesa.
| Kumanikidza Type | Tsanangudzo | PaInoshanda |
|---|---|---|
| Kutanga Tension | A fixed, pre-loaded simba rakabata makoiri kuvhara. | Pakutanga chaipo pekudhonza. |
| Spring Rate | Huwandu hwesimba rekuwedzera rinodiwa pa inch yekutambanudza. | Mushure mekutambudzika kwekutanga kwakakundwa. |
Ndezvipi Zvishandiso Zvinoshandiswa Kuita Kuwedzera Zvitubu?
Unoda chitubu chegedhi rekunze, asi yawapedzisira kushandisa yaita ngura uye yakaputsika mugore. Unosarudza sei chinyorwa chinozogara?
Zvishandiso zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyepamusoro-kabhoni simbi sewaya yemimhanzi yekusimba uye mutengo wakaderera, uye simbi isina tsvina yekudzivirira ngura. Kunzvimbo dzakanyanyisa, alloys akakosha seInconel kana Monel anoshandiswa pakupisa kwepamusoro kana makemikari kuramba.
The choice of material is just as important as the spring's dimensions. Kune akawanda emukati maapplication, mimhanzi waya isarudzo inoshamisa. Iyo yakasimba zvikuru uye inodhura-inoshanda. Isu tinowanzo wedzera zinc kana imwe plating kuti idzivirire kubva kune hunyoro hudiki. Asi kune iyo gedhi rekunze, Ndinobva ndakurudzira simbi isina tsvina, zvichida a 302 kana 304 giredhi. Inodhura zvishoma, asi haizoite ngura, kuve nechokwadi chehupenyu hurefu uye hwakachengeteka hwebasa. Ndakambova neclient yaida maspring for marine application, inogara ichiiswa mumvura ine munyu. Kwavari, taifanira kushandisa 316 simbi isina ngura, iyo ine yepamusoro corrosion resistance. Kusarudza zvinhu zvisiri izvo ndechimwe chezvikonzero zvinowanzoitika zvekutadza kwechirimo.
Kufananidza Zvinhu Nebasa racho
Zvakatipoteredza zvinoraira zvinhu.
- High-Carbon Steels: Ichi chikamu chinosanganisira music waya[^4] newaya ine mafuta. Ivo vanopa yakanakisa musanganiswa wesimba uye mutengo wezvakajairwa-chinangwa mashandisirwo asi inofanirwa kuchengetedzwa kubva mukuora nekupedzisa kwepamusoro senge plating..
- Stainless Steels: Sarudzo yekuenda kune maapplication anosanganisira mwando, wash-downs, kana kushandiswa kwekunze. MaGrade akafanana 302/304 zvakajairika, apo 316 inoshandiswa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoparadza semvura yemunyu kana makemikari.
- Specialty Alloys: Nokuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya, unogona kushandisa Inconel. Kune sub-zero tembiricha kana isiri-magnetic application, Beryllium Copper inogona kuve sarudzo.
| Material | Best For | Mukana wekukosha | Kusimudzwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vadivelu Comedy Music Wire | Indoor michina, kushandiswa kwese. | Simba rakakwirira, mutengo wakaderera. | Kusaita ngura kusagadzikana. |
| Simbi isina ngura 302 | Kunze, chikafu, kana kushandiswa kwekurapa. | Excellent corrosion resistance. | Zvinodhura kupfuura simbi. |
| Inconel | High-tembiricha nzvimbo. | Inochengetedza simba pakupisa kukuru. | Kudhura kwakanyanya. |
Mhedziso
Izwi rokuti "chitubu chekuwedzera[^ 1]" kazhinji zvinoreva chitubu chekuwedzera chinowedzera nekudhonza. Inoshanda kushandisa kutanga kukakavara[^5] uye chiyero chechirimo, uye zvinhu zvayo zvinofanira kuenderana nemamiriro ayo ekushanda.
[^ 1]: Ongorora sosi iyi kuti ujekese tsananguro uye mashandiro ezvitubu zvekuwedzera.
[^ 2]: Dzidza nezve mechanics e compression zvitubu uye mashandisiro awo.
[^3]: Ichi chinyorwa chinotsanangura chiyero chechirimo uye kukosha kwacho pakuona kuita kwechirimo.
[^4]: Ichi chinongedzo chinopa ruzivo rwezvivakwa uye mashandisirwo emimhanzi waya mukugadzira chitubu.
[^5]: Ziva iyo pfungwa yekutanga kunetsana uye kukosha kwayo mukugadzirwa kwechirimo.