Wave washers, kuj hu ua yoj caij nplooj ntoos hlav washers los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav washers, yog ib hom ingenious thiab zoo heev ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tivthaiv tsim los siv lub zog them nyiaj thaum compressed. Lawv yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv qhov txawv corrugated los yog "wavy" profile, uas tso cai rau lawv ua haujlwm raws li lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav compact, feem ntau kom tswj tau lub preload, nqus poob siab, los yog nqa axial ua si hauv kev sib dhos.
Tsis zoo li cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws (uas faib load thiab tiv thaiv loosening) los yog tsoos coil springs (uas yog tsim los rau loj deflections), yoj washers yog engineered los muab ib qho tshwj xeeb, kuj tsis tshua muaj zog tshaj ib tug me me axial nrug, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov nrog qhov chaw txwv.
WAVE WASHERS piav qhia: SIV, SIZE CHART, QHOV CHAW UA HAUJ LWM THIAB YUAV TSUM TAU
Dab tsi yog Wave Washer?
A lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws yog ib hom ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntxhua khaub ncaws uas nta ib tug series ntawm undulations los yog "wave" ncig nws ncig. Thaum compressed, cov nthwv dej no flatten, muab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav quab yuam uas thawb rov qab tawm tsam cov mating Cheebtsam. Lawv feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv static los yog tsis tshua muaj dynamic daim ntawv thov qhov twg axial qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus nqi thiab ib tug zoo ib yam., yuav tsum muaj zog resistive me me.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- Corrugated Profile: Lub ntsiab feature, tsim lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ua.
- Axial Load Application: Tsim los siv lub zog raws lub axis ntawm lub ncej lossis ntsia liaj qhov rooj.
- Chaw-Txuag: Lawv qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm coil springs yog lawv lub peev xwm los xa cov quab yuam hauv qhov chaw axial txo qis.
- Tus nqi tas li (feem ntau): Raws li lawv flatten, lawv muab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav kwv yees.
Wave Washers ua haujlwm li cas
Thaum lub yoj lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws raug ntsia nruab nrab ntawm ob yam khoom thiab compressed, nws nthwv dej ua zoo li lub qhov dej me me. Raws li lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws yog flattened rau nws "khoom siab" (qhov siab thaum siab compressed), nws tsim ib lub zog reactive. Lub zog no yog siv los ua:
- Khaws Preload: Khaws cov khoom kom nruj nruj ua ke, tiv thaiv looseness los yog rattling.
- Nyiaj them rau kev kam rau Stack-up: Absorb variations nyob rau hauv qhov loj me me kom ntseeg tau tias kev sib dhos zoo ib yam.
- Absorb Shock thiab Vibration: Dampen me me txav thiab txo suab nrov.
- Fill Gap: Choj me me axial khoob hauv ib qho kev sib dhos.
Qhov zoo ntawm Wave Washers
- Axial Space Savings: Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov zoo. Feem ntau yuav tsum tau 50% tsawg axial qhov chaw tshaj li ib txwm coil caij nplooj ntoos hlav rau tib lub load thiab deflection.
- Kev Sib Raug Zoo Resilient Force: Muab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tuaj yeem ua tau zoo thiab tsis sib xws.
- poob siab & Vibration Absorption: Pab kom dampen dynamic loads thiab txo suab nrov.
- Compensates rau Thermal Expansion/Contraction: Khaws kev tiv thaiv kom ruaj ntseg txawm tias qhov kub hloov pauv.
- Tshem tawm Axial Ua Si: Tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv bearing sib dhos kom tsis txhob wobble.
- Accommodates Tolerance Variations: Ensures snug fits even with manufacturing variations.
- Nqi-Zoo: Often a more economical solution for axial spring force than custom coil springs or complex mechanisms.
Types of Wave Washers
While the basic principle is the same, wave washers come in several configurations:
- Ib leeg tig (Crest-to-Crest): Hom ntau tshaj plaws. A single continuous wave.
- Multi-Turn: Consists of multiple stacked turns of a single wave spring. These provide greater deflection characteristics and typically a lower spring rate for a given load.
- Nested Wave Washer: Multiple single wave washers nested inside each other. Used for very high forces in compact spaces.
- Gap/Overlap Type: Refers to how the ends of the wire meet. "Gap" has a small space, "Overlap" has the ends overlapping, influencing circumference and fitting.
Key Terminology
Txhawm rau xaiv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws kom raug, nkag siab cov ntsiab lus no:
- Sab nraud (OF): Kev ntsuas thoob plaws sab nraud ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.
- Sab hauv (ID): Kev ntsuas thoob plaws hauv qhov ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.
- Dawb Qhov siab (FH): Qhov siab ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws hauv nws lub xeev uncompressed.
- Ua haujlwm siab (WH): Qhov siab ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws yog tsim los ua haujlwm, muab nws cov ntaub ntawv load.
- Khoom Qhov siab (SH): Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus qhov siab ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws thaum compressed tag nrho (tag nrho cov nthwv dej flattened).
- Khoom Thickness: Lub thickness ntawm cov hlau los yog cov khoom siv.
- Tus nab npawb ntawm Wave: Kev suav ntawm undulations nyob ib ncig ntawm lub circumference.
- Load/Force: Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav quab yuam exerted los ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws ntawm ib tug muab deflection los yog ua hauj lwm qhov siab.
- Caij nplooj ntoos hlav Rate (k): Kev hloov hauv quab yuam ib unit ntawm deflection.
Kev siv Wave Washers
Wave washers muaj ntau yam zoo kawg thiab pom nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev siv thoob plaws ntau qhov kev lag luam:
- Bearing Preload: Feem ntau siv. Lawv siv lub zog axial tas li rau pob bearings kom tshem tawm qhov kawg ua si, txo kev vibration, thiab txhawb nqa lub neej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob motors, gearboxes, thiab automotive applications.
- Valve Assemblies: Muab lub zog rov qab rau lub rooj zaum valve, plungers, los yog flow tswj mechanisms.
- Clutch Assemblies: Txhim kho qhov nro ntawm cov phaj clutch.
- Cov khoom sib txuas (Hluav taws xob / kua): Ua kom muaj kev sib cuag zoo sib xws kom tswj tau cov hluav taws xob conductivity lossis seal kev ncaj ncees.
- Iav tsheb ciav hlau: Siv cov backlash lossis axial ua si ntawm cov iav.
- Nres: Preloading brake Cheebtsam.
- Cov twj: Tuav lub sealing siab los yog muab kev them nyiaj axial.
- Cov actuators & Robotics: Nyob rau hauv compact mechanisms yuav tsum tau meej linear quab yuam.
- Khoom hnyav: Hauv ntau cov ntsiab lus pivot thiab kev sib txuas.
- General Machinery: Txhua qhov chaw me me axial xav tau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nruj.
Wave Washer Size Chart (Kev taw qhia dav dav & Tsis lees paub)
TSEEM CEEB TSHAJ PLAWS: Muaj tsis muaj ib qho universally standardized wave washer loj daim ntawv uas txhua tus neeg tsim khoom ua raws li. Txhua lub chaw tsim khoom yuav muaj nws tus kheej cov ntawv teev npe nrog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab qhov sib thooj load rau lawv cov khoom kab.
Txawm yog, daim ntawv qhia yoj lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws yuav nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv hauv ib hom ntawv tabular, feem ntau yog npaj los ntawm Sab hauv (ID) thiab Sab nraud (OF). Tom qab ntawd koj yuav nrhiav cov kab ntsig txog:
- Tshooj Naj Npawb: Cov cim tshwj xeeb rau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.
- Nominal Ncej Loj / Qhov Loj: Dab tsi ID/OD lawv tsim kom haum.
- Qhov tseeb OD (mm / nti)
- ID tiag (mm / nti)
- Dawb Qhov siab (FH) (mm / nti)
- Khoom Thickness (t) (mm / nti)
- Tus nab npawb ntawm Wave
- Ua haujlwm siab (WH) (mm / nti) los yog ntau yam (E.G., los ntawm 70% rau 50% ntawm Free Height)
- Load at Work Height (N / lbf ua): Lub zog muab ntawm qhov siab ua haujlwm tau teev tseg. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb.
- Khoom Qhov siab (SH) (mm / nti):
- Yam tsawg kawg Deflection rau khoom (mm / nti)
Piv txwv ntawm Daim Ntawv Qhia Tsis Txaus Siab nkag (rau kev ua piv txwv nkaus xwb):
| Tshooj No. | Ncej Dia. (mm) | OF (mm) | ID (mm) | Dawb Qhov siab (mm) | Material Thk. (mm) | # Vuag | Ua haujlwm siab (mm) | Load @ WH (N) | Khoom Qhov siab (mm) | Khoom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WW-15-22-3 | 15 | 22 | 15.5 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 3 | 1.0 | 35 | 0.9 | SS 302 |
| NWS-20-28-4 | 20 | 28 | 20.5 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 4 | 1.5 | 60 | 1.0 | SS 302 |
| NWS-30-40-5 | 30 | 40 | 30.8 | 3.2 | 0.5 | 5 | 2.0 | 90 | 1.2 | SS 17-7 |
How to Use a Manufacturer's Chart:
- Txiav txim siab koj tus lej ID thiab OD: Cov no yuav nyob ntawm tus ncej / bore koj haum rau.
- Txiav txim siab koj xav tau Load / Force: Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm preload lossis absorbing quab yuam.
- Txiav txim siab koj qhov chaw axial muaj: Lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tuaj yeem raug compression ntau npaum li cas? Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam rau Qhov Siab Dawb, Ua haujlwm siab, thiab Solid Height.
- Nrhiav ib tus lej: Saib los ntawm daim ntawv qhia rau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws uas ua tau raws li koj qhov kev xav tau thiab kev thauj khoom.
- xam Deflection: Xyuas kom lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws xaiv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm nws qhov siab dawb mus rau nws qhov siab ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv koj cov kev txwv kev ua haujlwm yam tsis tau ncav cuag qhov siab siab dhau los lossis muaj kev mus ncig tsis txaus.
- Txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv: Xyuas seb cov khoom puas haum rau koj ib puag ncig.
Feem ntau, you'll find ranges like:
- ODs: Los ntawm ob peb millimeters (E.G., 5mm) mus txog pua pua millimeters (E.G., 600mm los yog ntau dua).
- Tus nab npawb ntawm Wave: Feem ntau 3, 4, 5, los yog 6 nthwv dej rau ib zaug tig washers. Multi-tig washers yuav muaj ntau dua.
Always refer to the specific manufacturer's catalog or online selector tool for definitive data.
Khoom siv rau Wave Washers
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev:
- Carbon Spring Steel (1070-1090): Kev lag luam, zoo zog. Feem ntau thaum tshav kub kub kho thiab tej zaum yuav phosphate coated los yog zinc plated rau corrosion kuj.
- Stainless hlau (302, 316): Zoo corrosion kuj, lees txais lub zog, thiab kub ua haujlwm. 316 muab superior corrosion kuj rau 302.
- 17-7 PH Stainless hlau: Lub zog zoo heev, zoo corrosion kuj, thiab kev ua haujlwm siab kub (mus txog 340 ° C lossis 650 ° F).
- Inconel X-750: Rau kev siv kub-kub heev (mus txog 700 ° C los yog 1290 ° F) thiab ib puag ncig corrosive heev.
- Beryllium tooj liab: Tsis-magnetic, conductive heev, thiab zoo rau kev siv hluav taws xob.
- Phosphor Bronze: Zoo corrosion kuj, zoo heev hluav taws xob conductivity, thiab zoo rau kev siv dynamic.
Platings / Coatings: Zinc, Phosphate, Cadmium, Electroless Nickel, thiab lwm cov txheej txheem kev cai tuaj yeem siv rau kev txhim kho corrosion lossis cov khoom tshwj xeeb.
Cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm Wave Washers
Ntau lub tuam txhab muaj npe nrov tshwj xeeb hauv yoj ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab lwm yam caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Qee qhov zoo tshaj plaws muaj xws li:
- Smalley Steel Ring tuam txhab: Tus thawj coj thoob ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog paub rau lawv cov Spirolox® kauv tuav rings thiab WaveRing® yoj springs (ib lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv qhov chaw yoj caij nplooj ntoos hlav). Lawv muab cov catalog uas nws kim heev thiab kev tsim muaj peev xwm.
- Koom nrog Spring Raymond (ua lag luam ntawm MW Industries): Ib tug loj, diversified caij nplooj ntoos hlav chaw tsim tshuaj paus muab ntau yam khoom caij nplooj ntoos hlav, suav nrog cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.
- Lee Spring Company: Muaj ib txoj kab ntawm Tshuag springs thiab kev cai springs, suav nrog cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.
- Gillen tuam txhab (MW Industries Co): Lwm MW Industries Division, specializing nyob rau hauv khaws rings thiab yoj springs.
- Arconic (yav tas los Alcoa Fastening Systems): Thaum ib lub tuam txhab fastener dav, lawv tuaj yeem muab cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tshwj xeeb.
- Kev cai manufacturers / regional specialists: Ntau qhov me me, tshwj xeeb caij nplooj ntoos hlav manufacturers kuj tsim yoj washers, feem ntau rau kev lag luam tshwj xeeb lossis kev cai thov.
Thaum muab khoom, it's often best to start with these larger, cov tuam txhab tsim tau zoo vim lawv cov peev txheej engineering, kev tswj kom zoo, thiab dav cov khoom lag luam.
Yuav Qhia: Yuav xaiv thiab yuav Wave Washers li cas
Ua raws li cov kauj ruam no kom ntseeg tau tias koj xaiv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws kom raug rau koj daim ntawv thov:
-
Txhais koj cov kev xav tau:
- Daim ntawv thov: Yuav ua li cas yog lub yoj washer yuav ua li cas? (E.G., preloading ib tug bearing, absorbing poob siab, noj axial ua si).
- Muaj Chaw: Dab tsi yog qhov siab tshaj plaws OD, yam tsawg kawg nkaus ID, thiab siab tshaj plaws axial qhov siab txwv? Qhov no feem ntau yog thawj tus tsav tsheb.
- Yuav tsum tau Load (quab yuam): Lub zog yog dab tsi (hauv N or lbf) koj xav tau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws los muab rau nws ua haujlwm siab? Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev ua haujlwm parameter.
- Deflection Range: Ntau npaum li cas compression lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws yuav ua haujlwm (los ntawm qhov siab dawb mus rau qhov siab ua haujlwm)? Ensure it doesn't reach solid height prematurely or have insufficient travel.
- Kev khiav hauj lwm qhov kub thiab txias: (Yam tsawg kawg nkaus thiab siab kawg) Qhov no cuam tshuam rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv.
- Ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob: Yog corrosion muaj kev txhawj xeeb (ya raws, tshuaj, ntsev tsuag)? Puas muaj cov kev cai sib nqus?
- Dynamic vs. Static Load: Yog lub load tas li los yog nws fluctuate? Qhov no cuam tshuam txog kev qaug zog lub neej.
- Fatigue Lub Neej: Muaj pes tsawg lub voj voog compression yuav tsum lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws? (E.G., 100,000 lub voj voog, 1 lab lub voj voog, lwm.).
- Txoj kev sib dhos: Phau ntawv los yog automated?
-
Nrog rau Chaw Tsim Tshuaj Catalogs/Selection Tools:
- Mus saib lub vev xaib ntawm cov tuam txhab ua lag luam (Smalley, Koom nrog Spring Raymond, Lee Spring, lwm.).
- Siv lawv cov khoom xaiv hauv online. Feem ntau koj sau koj tus ID, OF, thiab xav load, thiab cov cuab yeej yuav lim cov kev xaiv tsim nyog.
- Download tau lawv cov catalogs tag nrho hauv PDF hom ntawv kom ntxaws specifications.
-
Ntsuas Standard vs. Kev cai:
- Pib los ntawm kev nrhiav standard stock sizes. Cov no tau yooj yim dua, feem ntau siv nyiaj ntau dua, thiab muaj sij hawm ua ntej.
- If a standard size doesn't meet all critical requirements (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog load thiab deflection nyob rau hauv qhov chaw muaj), koj yuav xav tau ib kev cai wave washer. Cov tuam txhab muaj npe nrov feem ntau muab kev tsim qauv tsim thiab kev tsim khoom. Qhov no yuav koom nrog kev sib tham engineering ntau dua thiab cov nqi siv ntau dua rau cov khoom me me.
-
Xav txog yam khoom:
- Raws li koj qhov kub thiab txias, corrosion, thiab lub zog xav tau, xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog (E.G., 17-7 PH SS rau siab zog, 316 SS rau siab corrosion kuj).
-
Thov Cov Qauv & Prototypes:
- Rau cov kev siv tseem ceeb, thov cov qauv ntawm cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws los sim hauv koj lub rooj sib txoos. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas daim ntawv, haum, thiab ua haujlwm ua ntej cog lus rau kev txiav txim loj.
- Rau kev cai tsim, thov prototypes.
-
Sib piv Quotes:
- Thaum koj muaj ob peb txoj kev xaiv (txheem los yog kev cai), tau txais quotes los ntawm ntau manufacturers los yog distributors. Muab piv tsis yog tus nqi xwb, tab sis kuj coj lub sij hawm, yam tsawg kawg nkaus kom muaj nuj nqis (MOQ), thiab cov neeg siv khoom txhawb nqa.
-
Tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv Technical & Ntawv muaj:
- Xyuas kom cov chaw tsim khoom tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj (MTRs), thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua raws cai (E.G., RoHS, REACH) yog xav tau.
-
Qhov chaw txiav txim:
- Ib zaug txaus siab rau kev xaiv, kuaj, thiab tus nqi, tso koj daim ntawv xaj.
Wave washers yog ib qho me me tab sis muaj zog tivthaiv hauv mechanical engineering. Lawv lub peev xwm los xa cov axial quab yuam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv compact ua rau lawv indispensable nyob rau hauv countless daim ntaub ntawv., txhim kho kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov rooj sib txoos thoob ntiaj teb.