Nā mea holoi nalu, also known as nalu puna wai holoi a i ʻole nā mea holoi puna, he ʻano ʻano pūnāwai akamai a maikaʻi loa i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻoikaika i ka ikaika i ka wā e hoʻopili ʻia. Hōʻike ʻia lākou e kā lākou corrugated a i ʻole "wavy" profile, hiki iā lākou ke hana ma ke ʻano he puna paʻa, ka mea maʻamau e mālama i kahi preload, hoʻopaʻa haʻalulu, a i ʻole ke pāʻani axial i kahi hui.
ʻAʻole like me nā mea holoi pālahalaha (ka mea e puunaue i ka ukana a pale i ka hemo) a i ʻole nā puna wili kuʻuna (i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā deflection nui), ua hana ʻia nā mea holoi nalu e hāʻawi i kahi kikoʻī, ikaika haʻahaʻa ma luna o kahi mamao axial liʻiliʻi, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea kūpono no nā noi me nā wahi liʻiliʻi.
Wehewehe ia na mea holoi nalu: HOOLAHA, PAPA NUI, NA MEA HANA A ME KUAI AKU
He aha ka Wave Washer?
A mea holoi nalu He ʻano mea holoi puna e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano o nā undulations a i ʻole "nā nalu" a puni kona anapuni. Ke hoʻopili ʻia, palahalaha keia mau nalu, e hāʻawi ana i ka ikaika puna e hoʻokuʻi i hope i nā mea pili. Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i nā noi static a i ʻole ka pinepine ʻole kahi axial space ma ke kumu kūʻai, koi ʻia ka ikaika kūʻē liʻiliʻi.
Nā ʻano nui:
- Pilikino Corrugated: ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona wehewehe, hana i ka hana puna.
- Axial Load Application: Hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻohana i ka ikaika ma ke koʻi o kahi lāʻau a i ʻole bolt.
- Hoʻokolo ʻana: ʻO kā lākou pōmaikaʻi nui ma luna o nā pūnāwai coil ʻo ko lākou hiki ke hāʻawi i ka ikaika i kahi wahi axial i hoʻemi nui ʻia.
- Ka helu mau (maʻamau): I ko lakou palahalaha ana, hāʻawi lākou i ka helu punawai hiki ke wānana.
Pehea e hana ai na Wawe Washers
Ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea holoi nalu ma waena o ʻelua ʻāpana a hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻO kona mau ʻale e like me nā pūnāwai liʻiliʻi. E like me ka palahalaha ʻana o ka mea holoi i kona "kiʻekiʻe paʻa" (ke kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻopili piha ʻia), hoopuka ia i ka mana hooikaika. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ikaika:
- E mālama i ka Preload: E hoʻopaʻa paʻa i nā ʻāpana, ka pale ʻana i ka looseness a i ʻole ka haʻalulu.
- E uku no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻomanawanui: E hoʻopili i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻāpana ʻāpana e hōʻoia i ka hui like ʻana.
- Hoʻopaʻa i ka haʻalulu a me ka haʻalulu: E hoʻomāmā i nā neʻe liʻiliʻi a hoʻemi i ka walaʻau.
- Hoʻopiha ʻAha: Hoʻopili i nā āpau axial liʻiliʻi ma kahi hui.
ʻO nā pono o nā mea holoi nalu
- Axial Space Savings: ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa. Pono pinepine 50% liʻiliʻi axial wahi ma mua o ka puna wili kuʻuna no ka haʻawe like a me ka deflection.
- Ka Puali Paʻa Paʻa: Hāʻawi i kahi mana punawai hiki ke wānana a kūlike.
- Haʻalulu & Hoʻopiʻi haʻalulu: Kōkua i ka hoʻomāmā ʻana i nā ukana ikaika a hoʻemi i ka walaʻau.
- Hoʻopaʻi no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wela: Mālama i ka pilina paʻa me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mahana.
- Hoʻopau i ka pāʻani Axial: He mea koʻikoʻi i ka lawe ʻana i nā hui e pale aku i ka wobble.
- Hoʻokomo i nā ʻokoʻa hoʻomanawanui: E hōʻoia i ke kūpono kūpono me nā ʻano hana like ʻole.
- Kūʻai-Pono: ʻO ka manawa pinepine kahi hopena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka ikaika puna axial ma mua o nā pūnāwai coil maʻamau a i ʻole nā hana paʻakikī.
Nā ʻano o nā mea holoi nalu
ʻOiai ua like ka loina kumu, hele mai nā mea holoi nalu ma kekahi mau hoʻonohonoho:
- Huli hoʻokahi (Crest-to-Crest): ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau. He nalu mau.
- Huli-nui: Loaʻa i nā huli hoʻopaʻa he nui o ka pūnāwai nalu hoʻokahi. Hāʻawi kēia i nā hiʻohiʻona deflection ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka maʻamau o ka punawai haʻahaʻa no kahi haʻahaʻa i hāʻawi ʻia.
- Mea holoi hawewe nested: ʻO nā mea holoi nalu hoʻokahi i pūnana i loko o kekahi i kekahi. Hoʻohana ʻia no nā ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa ma nā wahi paʻa.
- ʻAno ʻAha/Opa: E pili ana i ka hui ana o na welau o ka uwea. "Aha" he wahi liʻiliʻi, "Ke kau ana" pili nā welau, hoʻopili i ka pōʻai a me ke kūpono.
Hua'ōlelo Kiʻi
No ke koho ʻana i ka mea holoi nalu kūpono, hoʻomaopopo i kēia mau ʻōlelo:
- Anawaena waho (NO): ʻO ke ana ma waho o ka mea holoi.
- Anawaena o loko (ID): Ke ana ma ka puka o loko o ka mea holoi.
- Kūʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe (FH): ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mea holoi ma kona kūlana paʻa ʻole.
- Kiʻekiʻe Hana (WH): ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kahi i hoʻolālā ʻia ai ka mea holoi lole e hana, hāʻawi ʻana i kāna ukana i ʻōlelo ʻia.
- Kiʻekiʻe Paʻa (SH): ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe liʻiliʻi o ka mea holoi ke hoʻopili piha ʻia (palahalaha nā nalu a pau).
- Mānoanoa Mea: ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka uwea a i ʻole ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia.
- Ka helu o nā nalu: Ka helu o na undulations a puni ke anapuni.
- Kaumaha/Puka: ʻO ka ikaika o ka pūnāwai i hana ʻia e ka mea holoi ma kahi deflection a i ʻole kiʻekiʻe hana.
- Kāleka kōkuhi (k): ʻO ka hoʻololi i ka ikaika no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka deflection.
Hoʻohana maʻamau o nā mea holoi nalu
ʻO nā mea holoi nalu he mea maʻalahi loa a loaʻa i loko o kahi ākea o nā noi ma nā ʻoihana he nui.:
- Kaumaha mua: ʻO ka hoʻohana maʻamau. Hoʻohana lākou i ka ikaika axial mau i nā bearings pōpō e hoʻopau i ka pāʻani hope, hoemi i ka haalulu, a hoʻonui i ke ola hānau, ʻoi aku ma nā kaʻa uila, pahu pahu, a me nā noi kaʻa.
- Nā ʻĀpana Valve: Hāʻawi i ka ikaika hoʻihoʻi no nā noho valve, nā plungers, a i ʻole nā hana hoʻomalu kahe.
- Hui Pūʻali: Ka mālama ʻana i ka haʻalulu ma nā papa paʻa.
- Nā mea hoʻohui (Uila/Pila): ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana i ke kaomi pili mau e mālama i ka conductivity uila a i ʻole ke sila pono.
- Nā Kaʻaahi Gear: Lawe i ka backlash a i ʻole ka pāʻani axial ma waena o nā mea hana.
- Paʻa: Hoʻouka mua ʻana i nā ʻāpana kaʻa.
- Pum: Ka mālama ʻana i ke kaomi sila a i ʻole ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka uku axial.
- Nā mea hoʻokele & Lopako: I nā mīkini paʻakikī e koi ana i ka ikaika laina pololei.
- Lako Kaumaha: Ma nā wahi pivot like ʻole a me nā pilina.
- Mekini Nui: Ma nā wahi āpau e pono ai nā ikaika axial liʻiliʻi ma nā wahi paʻa.
Palapala Nui Wave Washer (Alakai Nui & Hoʻolele)
HOOLAHA NUI: Aia ʻaʻohe palapala nui o ka mea holoi nalu maʻamau e pili ana kēlā me kēia mea hana. E loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mea hana kāna papa inoa ponoʻī me nā ana kikoʻī a me nā helu haʻahaʻa kūpono no kā lākou laina huahana.
Akā naʻe,, e hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike ma ke ʻano hōʻano hōʻikeʻike ma kahi pakuhi ʻauʻau nalu maʻamau, hoʻonohonoho maʻamau e Anawaena o loko (ID) a Anawaena waho (NO). E ʻimi ʻoe i nā kolamu pili i:
- Helu Mahele: Mea ʻike kū hoʻokahi no ka mea holoi holoi.
- Ka nui kumu inoa / Ka nui o ka bore: He aha ka ID/OD i hoʻolālā ʻia e kūpono.
- OD maoli (mm / iniha)
- ID maoli (mm / iniha)
- Kūʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe (FH) (mm / iniha)
- Mānoanoa Mea (t) (mm / iniha)
- Ka helu o nā nalu
- Kiʻekiʻe Hana (WH) (mm / iniha) a i ʻole ka laulā (E.g., mai 70% i 50% o ke Kiekie Kuokoa)
- Hoʻouka ma ke kiʻekiʻe hana (N / lbf): ʻO ka ikaika i hāʻawi ʻia ma ke kiʻekiʻe hana i ʻōlelo ʻia. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia.
- Kiʻekiʻe Paʻa (SH) (mm / iniha):
- Hoʻololi liʻiliʻi i ka paʻa (mm / iniha)
Ka Laʻana o kahi Hoʻokomo Palapala Moʻolelo (no ka hoohalike wale ana):
| Mahele No. | Shaft Dia. (mm) | NO (mm) | ID (mm) | Kūʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe (mm) | Material Thk. (mm) | # Nā nalu | Kiʻekiʻe Hana (mm) | Haawe @ WH (N) | Kiʻekiʻe Paʻa (mm) | Waiwai |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WW-15-22-3 | 15 | 22 | 15.5 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 3 | 1.0 | 35 | 0.9 | SS 302 |
| WW-20-28-4 | 20 | 28 | 20.5 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 4 | 1.5 | 60 | 1.0 | SS 302 |
| WW-30-40-5 | 30 | 40 | 30.8 | 3.2 | 0.5 | 5 | 2.0 | 90 | 1.2 | SS 17-7 |
How to Use a Manufacturer's Chart:
- E hoʻoholo i kāu ID pono a me OD: E pili ana kēia mau mea i ka shaft/bore āu e hoʻokomo ai.
- E hoʻoholo i kāu Load/Force makemake: ʻO kēia ka palena koʻikoʻi no ka mālama ʻana i ka preload a i ʻole ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ikaika.
- E hoʻoholo i kāu wahi axial i loaʻa: ʻEhia ka nui o ka paʻi ʻana i ka mea holoi? E pili ana keia i ke Kiekie Kuokoa, Kiʻekiʻe Hana, a me ke kiekie paa.
- E huli i ka helu hapa: E nānā i loko o ka pakuhi no kahi mea holoi e kūpono ana i kāu mau koi a me ka ukana.
- E helu i ka Deflection: E hōʻoia e hiki i ka mea holoi holoi i koho ʻia ke ʻalo aʻe mai kona kiʻekiʻe manuahi a hiki i kona kiʻekiʻe hana i loko o kāu mau palena hana me ka hiki ʻole i ke kiʻekiʻe paʻa i ke kakahiaka nui a i ʻole lawa ʻole ka huakaʻi..
- Hōʻoia Mea: E nānā inā kūpono ka mea i kou kaiapuni.
pinepine, you'll find ranges like:
- ODs: Mai kekahi mau millimeters (E.g., 5mm) a hiki i nā haneli millimeters (E.g., 600mm a ʻoi aku paha).
- Ka helu o nā nalu: ʻO ka maʻamau 3, 4, 5, a i ʻole 6 nā nalu no nā mea holoi holoi hoʻokahi. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mea holoi holoi.
Always refer to the specific manufacturer's catalog or online selector tool for definitive data.
Na Lako no na Mea Holoi Nalu
He mea koʻikoʻi ke koho ʻana i nā mea no ka hana a me ka lōʻihi:
- Steel Puna Kalapona (1070-1090): Hoʻokele waiwai, ikaika maikai. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha i ka phosphate a i ʻole ka zinc no ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion.
- Kila kohu ʻole (302, 316): Kūleʻa maikaʻi i ka corrosion, ikaika ʻae ʻia, a me ka hana wela. 316 hāʻawi maikaʻi i ka corrosion kū'ē i 302.
- 17-7 PH kila kila: ikaika maikaʻi, maikaʻi ka corrosion kū'ē, a me ka hana wela kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i kahi 340°C a i ʻole 650°F).
- Inconel X-750: No nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe loa (a hiki i 700°C aiʻole 1290°F) a me nā kaiapuni ʻino loa.
- Beryllium Copper: Non-magnetic, conductive loa, a maikaʻi no nā noi uila.
- Phosphor Bronze: Kūleʻa maikaʻi i ka corrosion, maikaʻi loa ka uila, a maikaʻi no nā noi dynamic.
Nā Paʻi/Pepa: Zinc, Phosphate, Cadmium, Nikela uila ʻole, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻili maʻamau ʻē aʻe no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūpaʻa corrosion a i ʻole nā waiwai o ka ʻili.
ʻO nā mea hana alakaʻi o nā Wave Washers
Nui nā mea hana kaulana i nā mea holoi nalu a me nā mea punawai ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi o nā mea kaulana loa:
- Smalley Steel Ring Company: He alakaʻi honua, ʻike nui ʻia no kā lākou Spirolox® spiral retaining apo a me WaveRing® wave springs (he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ma ke ākea pūnāwai nalu). Hāʻawi lākou i kahi papa inoa nui a me nā mana hoʻolālā maʻamau.
- Punawai pili Raymond (he ʻoihana o MW Industries): He nui, mea hana puna wai diversified e hāʻawi ana i kahi ākea o nā huahana puna, me nā mea holoi nalu.
- Hui Punawai Lee: Hāʻawi i kahi laina piha o nā kumu waiwai a me nā puna maʻamau, me nā mea holoi nalu.
- Ka Hui Gillen (He Hui Hana MW): ʻO kekahi mahele MW Industries, loea i ka mālama ʻana i nā apo a me nā pūnāwai nalu.
- Arconic (Alcoa Fastening Systems mamua): ʻOiai he hui hoʻopaʻa paʻa ākea, hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā mea holoi puna kūikawā.
- Nā mea hana maʻamau / nā loea kūloko: Nui nā mea liʻiliʻi, hana pū nā mea hana puna wai kūikawā i nā mea holoi nalu, pinepine no nā ʻoihana kūikawā a i ʻole nā noi maʻamau.
I ka wā e loaʻa ai, it's often best to start with these larger, nā hui i hoʻokumu maikaʻi ʻia ma muli o kā lākou waiwai ʻenehana nui, mana maikaʻi, a me nā laula huahana ākea.
Kūʻai alakaʻi: Pehea e koho ai a kūʻai aku i nā mea holoi hawewe
E hahai i kēia mau ʻanuʻu e hōʻoia ʻoe e koho i ka mea holoi hawewe kūpono no kāu noi:
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E wehewehe i kāu mau koi:
- Noi: He aha ka hana a ka mea holoi nalu? (E.g., ka hoʻouka mua ʻana i kahi bearing, hoʻopaʻa haʻalulu, lawe i ka pāʻani axial).
- Wahi Loaʻa: He aha nā OD kiʻekiʻe loa, ID liʻiliʻi, a me nā palena kiʻekiʻe axial kiʻekiʻe? ʻO kēia ka mea hoʻokele mua.
- Pono ka Haawe (Force): He aha ka ikaika pololei (i N a i ole lbf) pono ʻoe i ka mea holoi e hoʻolako i kāna kiʻekiʻe hana? ʻO kēia ka palena hana koʻikoʻi loa.
- Laulā Kiʻi: ʻEhia ka nui o ka paʻi ʻana e ʻike ai ka mea holoi i ka hana (mai ke kiʻekiʻe manuahi a ke kiʻekiʻe hana)? Ensure it doesn't reach solid height prematurely or have insufficient travel.
- Kaulana Mahana Hana: (Ka liʻiliʻi a me ke kiʻekiʻe) Hoʻopili kēia i ke koho ʻana i nā mea.
- Nā Kūlana Kaiapuni: He pilikia ka corrosion (mākū, kemika, paʻakai paʻakai)? Aia nā koi magnetic?
- Dynamic vs. Kaumaha Paʻa: Ua mau paha ka ukana a i ʻole e loli paha? Hoʻopili kēia i nā noʻonoʻo ola luhi.
- Ola luhi: ʻEhia ka nui o nā pōʻaiapili e pono ai ka mea holoi holoi? (E.g., 100,000 nā pōʻaiapuni, 1 miliona pōʻaiapuni, etc.).
- Kaʻina Hui: Hana lima a ʻakomi paha?
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E kūkākūkā i nā Catalogs Manufacturer/Mea Koho:
- E kipa i nā pūnaewele o nā mea hana nui (Smalley, Punawai pili Raymond, Lee Puna, etc.).
- E hoʻohana i kā lākou mea koho huahana pūnaewele. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻoe i kāu ID, NO, a me ka ukana i makemakeia, a e kānana ka mea hana i nā koho kūpono.
- Hoʻoiho i kā lākou mau papa inoa piha ma ka palapala PDF no nā kikoʻī kikoʻī.
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E loiloi i ka Standard vs. Kuʻuna:
- E hoʻomaka me ka ʻimi ʻana nā nui waihona maʻamau. Loaʻa kēia mau mea maʻalahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai, a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o nā manawa alakaʻi.
- If a standard size doesn't meet all critical requirements (ʻoi aku ka hoʻouka a me ka deflection ma kahi i loaʻa), pono paha ʻoe i kahi mea holoi nalu maʻamau. Hāʻawi ka hapa nui o nā mea hana kaulana i ka hoʻolālā maʻamau a me nā lawelawe hana. E pili ana kēia i nā kūkākūkā ʻenehana a me nā kumukūʻai mea hana kiʻekiʻe no nā mea liʻiliʻi.
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E noʻonoʻo i nā mea:
- Ma muli o kou wela, ʻinoʻino, a me nā koi ikaika, koho i ka mea kūpono (E.g., 17-7 PH SS no ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, 316 SS no ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion kiʻekiʻe).
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Noi Nā Laʻana & Prototypes:
- No nā noi koʻikoʻi, noi i nā laʻana o nā mea holoi holoi e hoʻāʻo ai i kāu hui. ʻAe kēia iā ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka palapala, kūpono, a hana ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi kauoha nui.
- No nā hoʻolālā maʻamau, noi prototypes.
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Hoʻohālikelike ʻŌlelo:
- Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau koho kūpono (maʻamau a maʻamau), e kiʻi i nā huaʻōlelo mai nā mea hana a mea hoʻolaha paha. Hoʻohālikelike ʻaʻole wale ke kumukūʻai, aka, na manawa alakai, liʻiliʻi kauoha nui (MOQ), a me ke kākoʻo o nā mea kūʻai aku.
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Nānā Ike ʻIkepili & Nā palapala hōʻoia:
- E hōʻoia e hiki i ka mea hana ke hāʻawi i ka ʻikepili ʻenehana kūpono, palapala hōʻoia (MTRs), a me nā palapala hoʻokō (E.g., RoHS, REACH) inā pono.
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Kau Kauoha:
- Ke māʻona i ke koho, hoao ana, a me ke kumu kūʻai, kau i kāu kauoha.
He mea liʻiliʻi akā ikaika nā mea holoi nalu i ka ʻenekinia mīkini. ʻO kā lākou hiki ke hāʻawi i ka ikaika axial pololei i kahi kumu paʻa paʻa e pono ai lākou i nā noi he nui., hoʻonui i ka hilinaʻi a me ka hana o nā hui honua.