How Do You Calculate an Extension Spring's Travel Distance?
Your spring isn't providing the right force at the right time. You suspect it's not stretching the correct amount, aka, he paʻakikī ka helu ʻana, pilikia ʻole ka huahana inā ʻike ʻoe.
Calculate travel by subtracting the spring's initial free length from its final extended length. ʻO kēia mamao, hoonuiia e ka punawai, hoʻoholo i ka ukana. E noho mau i loko o ka palena o ka huakaʻi palekana e pale aku i ka pōʻino mau.
I koʻu 14 nā makahiki o ka hana ʻana i nā puna maʻamau, I've seen that a simple miscalculation of travel distance is one of the most common reasons for a product's failure. Hiki i kekahi ʻenekinia ke kuhikuhi i ka helu puna kūpono, but if it's installed to travel too far or not far enough, the entire mechanism won't work as designed. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia ana maʻalahi ke kumu o kahi ʻōnaehana puna pono. Let's break down how to do it correctly.
He aha ke kumu kumu no ka huakaʻi puna?
Ua ana ʻoe i kāu pūnāwai mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a i hope no kāu helu ʻana. Now the spring isn't fitting correctly in your assembly, a he hewa ka hoopuka ana, hoʻolohi a me ka hoʻohaumia.
ʻO ke kumu kumu: Kaʻahele = Hoʻonui ʻia ka lōʻihi[^1] – Lōʻihi lōʻihi[^ 2]. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi, "Lōʻihi lōʻihi[^ 2]" pono e ana mai ka ili o loko o kekahi makau a i ka ili o loko o kekahi. Hōʻike kēia i ka wahi hoʻomaka maoli no kēlā me kēia kiko.
Ua hana au i kekahi manawa me kahi hui e hoʻolālā ana i ka puka pani pani. Ua hāʻule kā lākou prototypes; the gate wasn't closing with enough force. I ko lakou hoouna ana mai ia'u i ko lakou mau kii, I saw they had calculated the travel based on the spring's overall length, me ka manoanoa piha o na makau. ʻO kēia hewa liʻiliʻi e like me ka hele ʻana o ka punawai ma mua o ka mea maoli. Ma ke ana hou ana i ka loa noa mai loko-hoo a loko-hoo, ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi hoʻomaka kūpono. Me kēlā helu helu i hoʻoponopono ʻia, Ua hoʻolālā mākou i kahi pūnāwai me ka ikaika kūpono i ka mamao huakaʻi maoli, a ua hana pono ka lack. He mea kiko'ī liʻiliʻi e hoʻololi nui.
Hua'ōlelo koʻikoʻi no ka helu ʻana
- Lōʻihi lōʻihi (L₀): Ka lōʻihi o ka pūnāwai i ka hoʻomaha, me ka haawe ole. E ana mau mai loko mai o nā makau.
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka lōʻihi[^1] (L₁): ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka pūnāwai i ka wā e hohola ʻia ma lalo o kahi haʻahaʻa kikoʻī, ana mai loko mai o na makau.
- Ka mamao i hele (X): ʻO kaʻokoʻa ma waena o nā lōʻihi lōʻihi a me ka lōʻihi (L₁ - L₀). ʻIke ʻia hoʻi kēia he deflection a i ʻole hoʻonui.
Pehea Kāleka kōkuhi[^ 3] Hoʻopilikia i ka mamao huakaʻi?
Pono kāu hui ʻana i kahi ikaika kikoʻī ma kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi. You aren't sure how to design a spring that can reliably hit that target every single time.
Ka helu puna (k) pili pono i ka ikaika, huahele, a me ka haʻalulu mua. ʻO ke kumu: Haawe = (Kāleka kōkuhi[^ 3] × Kaʻahele) + ʻO ka hoʻomau mua[^4]. ʻAe kēia iā ʻoe e helu i ka ikaika pololei ma kēlā me kēia huakaʻi hele a i ʻole ka huakaʻi e pono ai no kahi ikaika kikoʻī.
Ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi mea kūʻai aku e hoʻomohala ana i kahi ʻāpana hana hoʻoikaika kino. Pono lākou i kahi punawai i hāʻawi pololei 50 paona kū'ē i ka wā i huki ai ka mea hoʻohana i ka lima i waho 12 iniha. Pono lākou i ka pūnāwai e ʻike "paʻa" mai kinohi mai. ʻO ka hoʻonā ʻana a pau i ka helu puna a me ka ʻāʻī mua. Ka mua, ua hoʻolālā mākou i ka pūnāwai me kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, no laila ua hoʻoikaika wale ʻia e hoʻoneʻe. A laila, ua helu mākou i ka helu puna e pono ai ma hope 12 iniha o ka hele ana, ka ikaika e kukulu pololei 50 paona. He laʻana maikaʻi kēia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pilina ma waena o ka helu a me ka huakaʻi e hoʻokō i kahi ʻike mea hoʻohana kikoʻī a me ka pahuhopu hana.
Ke kuleana o Kāleka kōkuhi[^ 3] a ʻO ka hoʻomau mua[^4]
| ʻāpana | Wehewehe | Ka hopena ma ka Heluhelu |
|---|---|---|
| Kāleka kōkuhi[^ 3] (k) | ʻO ka nui o ka ikaika e koi ʻia e hoʻopololei i ka pūnāwai e hoʻokahi ʻāpana o ka lōʻihi (E.g., lbs/inihi a i ʻole N/mm). | Hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka piʻi ʻana o ka ikaika i ka wā e kikoo ʻia ai ka pūnāwai. ʻO ka helu kiʻekiʻe ke ʻano o ka ikaika no ka huakaʻi like. |
| ʻO ka hoʻomau mua (IT) | ʻO ka ikaika i hoʻokomo mua ʻia i loko o ka pūnāwai i ka wā o ka hana ʻana i paʻa paʻa i nā coils. | ʻO kēia ka ikaika e pono ai ʻoe e lanakila ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai. ʻO ka ukana holoʻokoʻa ka ikaika mau mai ka huakaʻi hoʻohui ka haʻalulu mua. |
He aha ka huakaʻi palekana kiʻekiʻe loa no kāu pūnāwai?
No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ikaika, hoʻomau ʻoe e hoʻopololei i ka pūnāwai. Akā hikiwawe, the spring goes limp and doesn't return to its original length, ke kumu o ka hāʻule mau ʻana o kāu huahana.
ʻO ka huakaʻi palekana kiʻekiʻe ka mamao loa e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻopololei i kahi pūnāwai ma mua o kona ʻoi aku ma mua o kona palena elastic a lilo i deform mau loa.. ʻAʻole kēia he helu maʻalahi; it's a design limit based on the material's stress capacity, anawaena uwea, a me ke anawaena wili.
ʻO kēia ke kumu palekana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻolālā puna. Ua hana au ma kahi papahana no kahi lanyard palekana hiki ke huki ʻia. Inā hāʻule ka pūnāwai o ia lanyard, koʻikoʻi paha nā hopena. Pono ka hoʻolālā e hoʻonui i ka lanyard 6 wāwae. E palekana, we designed the spring's material and geometry to have a maximum safe travel of 8 wāwae. Ua hōʻoia kēia ʻāpana palekana 2-kapuaʻi inā paha i huki koke ʻia ka lanyard i kona palena loa, e holo pono ana ka punawai i loko o kona palena elastic a ʻaʻole e pōʻino. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻolālā i kahi pūnāwai e hana i kona palena palena kiʻekiʻe. E hana mau me kāu mea hana e wehewehe i kēia palena a laila e hoʻolālā i kāu huahana e noho maluhia ma lalo.
Nā mea e wehewehe ana i ka huakaʻi palekana kiʻekiʻe loa
- ʻAno Mea: Hiki i nā mea ikaika kiʻekiʻe e like me ka uea mele ke hoʻopaʻa i ke koʻikoʻi ma mua o ke kila kulika maʻamau.
- ʻO ka helu holoi: Hiki i ka uwea mānoanoa ke pale i ke kaumaha.
- Coit DIAMETER: ʻO ke anawaena coil liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ke anawaena uea e hoʻonui i ke koʻikoʻi, e hōʻemi ana i ka huakaʻi palekana loa.
- Nā mea hoʻoponopono koʻikoʻi: ʻO nā piko o nā makau he mau wahi koʻikoʻi nui ia e pono e helu ʻia.
Hopena
Calculating an extension spring's travel distance is simple, akā, he mea koʻikoʻi ka hana pono ʻana. Always measure from inside the hooks and respect the spring's maximum safe travel for a reliable design.
[^1]: ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka lōʻihi lōʻihi e kōkua i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hana puna pololei i kāu mau hoʻolālā.
[^ 2]: He mea koʻikoʻi ke ana pololei o ka lōʻihi manuahi no ka hana puna pono; e aʻo i nā hana maikaʻi loa ma aneʻi.
[^ 3]: E ʻimi i ka hopena o ka pūnāwai i ka ikaika a me ka huakaʻi, hōʻoia i kāu mau hoʻolālā e hoʻokō i nā koi hana.
[^4]: ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa mua ke kī i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā pūnāwai e hana pono ma lalo o ka ukana.