Yadda Aka Ƙirƙira Da Amfani da Dogon Tsawowar Ruwa?

Kuna buƙatar ƙarfin ja akan dogon nesa, amma daidaitattun maɓuɓɓugan ruwa sun yi gajeru. Haɗa su tare ba shi da aminci, kuma yin amfani da ɓangaren da bai dace ba zai iya sa gaba dayan tsarin ku ya gaza.

Dogon tsawaita bazara shine marmaro na injiniyan al'ada tare da babban tsayin daka zuwa diamita, tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar tashin hankali a kan babban nisa. Suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ga kwanciyar hankali na kayan aiki, daidaiton tashin hankali na farko, da jagora don hana tangling yayin aiki.

A cikin aikina, I've seen that you cannot simply "stretch" daidaitaccen ƙirar bazara don yin tsayi. As soon as a spring's body length becomes many times its diameter, halinsa ya canza gaba daya. Ya fara yin ƙasa da ƙasa kamar maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai tsauri kuma ya fi kama da igiya ta ƙarfe. Wannan motsi yana gabatar da sabon saitin ƙalubalen injiniya waɗanda dole ne a warware su don tabbatar da yanayin bazara, abin dogara, kuma yana gudanar da aikinsa daidai a duk tsawon tafiyarsa.

Abin da Haƙiƙa Ya Cancanci Tsarin Tsawo a matsayin "Long"?

Kalmar "dogon" ya zama na al'ada lokacin kallon maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. How do you know if you need a standard spring or if you've crossed the line into a "long spring" zane?

Gabaɗaya ana ɗaukar bazara “tsawo" lokacin da tsayin jikinsa ya fi sau goma diamita na waje (a 10:1 rabo). Wannan babban rabo shine maɓalli mai mahimmanci wanda ke gabatar da ƙalubalen ƙira na musamman, kamar haɗari mafi girma na tangling, girgiza, da kuma murdiya karkashin kaya.

Ina yawan amfani da wannan 10:1 rabo a matsayin mafari lokacin da ake tattaunawa da sabon aikin tare da injiniya. Kasan wannan rabo, daidaitattun ka'idodin ƙirar bazara yawanci ana amfani da su ba tare da batun ba. Amma da zarar mun wuce shi, dole mu fara tunani daban. A dogo, slender spring body can easily get caught on nearby components or even tangle with itself if it's not properly guided. Dole ne mu kuma yi la'akari da jijjiga masu jituwa. Kamar kidan guitar, dogon bazara na iya girgiza a wasu mitoci, wanda zai iya haifar da kasala da kasawa. These are problems you just don't see in shorter, mafi m maɓuɓɓugan ruwa.

Fiye da Tsawon Tsayi kawai

Matsakaicin tsayi-da-diamita shine muhimmin abu wanda ke nuna tsarin aikin injiniya.

• The 10:1 Jagora: Alhali ba tsayayyen doka ba, wannan rabo shine ingantaccen ma'auni a cikin masana'antar bazara. Yana nuna alamar inda yuwuwar rashin zaman lafiya ya zama abin damuwa na ƙira na farko.
• Kwanciyar hankali da Jagoranci: Dogon bazara sau da yawa ba zai iya ɗaukar nauyin kansa ba tare da sagging ko lankwasawa ba, musamman idan aka shigar a kwance. Yana iya buƙatar sandar jagora da ke bi ta tsakiyarsa ko tashoshi don tafiya ciki don hana ta yin sata a wasu sassan taron..
• Vibration da Harmonics: Da tsayin bazara, ƙananan mitar yanayi. A cikin injiniyoyi masu aiki da sauri, this can lead to resonance, inda bazara ke girgiza ba tare da katsewa ba, yana haifar da saurin lalacewa da gazawa.

Me yasa Dogayen Maɓuɓɓugar Ruwa Suke da Wuya Don Kerawa?

You'd think making a long spring is easy—just let the coiling machine run for longer. Amma a zahiri, kiyaye inganci akan wannan tsayin babban ƙalubale ne.

Ƙirƙirar maɓuɓɓugan tsawo na tsawo yana da wahala saboda kiyaye daidaitaccen sauti da tashin hankali na farko a tsawon tsayi yana da ƙalubale. Duk wani ƙaramin bambance-bambance a cikin tashin hankali na waya ko saurin injin yana ƙara ƙaruwa, haifar da rashin daidaituwa aiki da kuma yiwuwar raunin rauni a cikin bazara.

Akan injin ɗin mu na CNC, kowane bangare na tsari yana sarrafa kwamfuta, daga ƙimar ciyarwar waya zuwa wurin murɗawa. Don ɗan gajeren bazara, tsarin ya kare a cikin dakika daya. For a spring that's several feet long, injin dole ne ya kiyaye cikakkiyar daidaito na lokaci mai tsawo. Tashin hankali a kan waya yayin da yake ciyarwa daga spool dole ne ya kasance akai-akai. Idan ya tsoma ko da dan lokaci, tashin hankali na farko a wannan sashe na bazara zai kasance ƙasa. Idan ya karu, coils za su yi matsi sosai. Waɗannan ƙananan kurakurai na iya ƙarawa, creating a spring that doesn't pull with a uniform force. Bayan tururuwa, kula da waɗannan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa shima ƙalubale ne. Suna iya zama cikin sauƙi a miƙewa ko murɗe kafin su kai ga tanda mai zafi.

Kalubalen Daidaitawa

Daidaituwa shine maɓalli, and it's much harder to maintain over a greater distance.

• Farkon Kula da Tashin hankali: Wannan shine ƙarfin da ke riƙe da coils tare. A kan dogon bazara, dole ne mu tabbatar da cewa wannan ƙarfin ya kasance iri ɗaya daga coil na farko zuwa na ƙarshe. Wannan yana buƙatar ingantaccen saitunan injin da daidaiton ingancin waya. Rashin daidaiton tashin hankali na farko yana nufin bazara ba zai samar da santsi ba, linear pull.
• Daidaita Tsari: sarari tsakanin coils (farar) dole ne ya zama daidai. A cikin dogon bazara, Bambance-bambancen zafi a cikin waya ko na'ura na iya sa farar ya yi nisa, yana shafar ƙimar bazara.
• Gudanarwa da Maganin Zafi: A dogo, raw spring ne m. Dole ne a kai shi a hankali zuwa tanda masu rage damuwa. Idan an lanƙwasa ko mikewa kafin maganin zafi, za a saita lahani na dindindin a cikin kayan, lalata bangaren.

Inda Ake Amfani da waɗannan Maɓuɓɓugan Dogayen Ruwa da gaske?

Kuna fahimtar ƙalubalen ƙira, but where would you actually find a spring that's several feet long? Their applications are more common than you might think.

Long extension springs are critical components in large-scale counterbalance systems. Za ku same su a kan manyan kofofin sama, nauyi masana'antu murfi, injinan noma[^1] kamar hay balers, and in theatrical rigging systems to lift and move heavy stage elements smoothly.

I recently worked on a project for a company that builds large smokers for restaurants. Murfin yayi nauyi sosai, and they needed a way for a chef to open it with one hand. We designed a pair of long extension springs that ran along the back of the unit. The springs provided a constant pulling force that perfectly counterbalanced the lid's weight, sa shi jin kusan mara nauyi. Wannan aikace-aikacen gargajiya ne don dogon lokacin bazara: samar da takamaiman ƙarfi a kan dogon tafiya mai nisa don sauƙaƙe abu mai nauyi don motsawa. Hakanan kuna ganin ana amfani da su azaman maɓuɓɓugar ruwa na dawowa akan manyan injinan masana'antu da masu tayar da hankali akan tsarin isar da iskar gas wanda ke da nisa mai nisa..

Aikace-aikace Masu Bukatar Tsawon Isa

Waɗannan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa suna magance matsalolin inda ake buƙatar ƙarfi a cikin tazara mai mahimmanci.

• Tsarin daidaita ma'auni: Amfaninsu na farko shine don rage nauyi mai nauyi. Wannan ya haɗa da manyan kofofin masana'antu, samun dama ga tireloli, masu gadin inji mai nauyi, da buɗe tagogi ko ƙyanƙyashe a tsaye. The spring's stored energy does most of the lifting work.
• Na'urori masu tayar da hankali: A cikin tsarin kamar dogayen bel na jigilar kaya ko kayan aikin gona, Ana amfani da maɓuɓɓugan tsawo na tsawo don kula da tashin hankali akai-akai, shayar da girgizawa da kiyaye bel ko sarƙoƙi suna gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali.
• Dawo da Injinan: Ana amfani da su akan manyan haɗin gwiwar injiniyoyi da injiniyoyin masana'antu don mayar da abubuwan da aka gyara zuwa matsayinsu na farawa bayan motsi mai tsayi.

Ƙarshe

Dogayen maɓuɓɓugan maɓuɓɓugar ruwa sune na musamman na musamman da aka ayyana ta hanyar girman tsayin daka zuwa diamita. They are used in counterbalance and tensioning systems that require force over a long distance.

[^1]: Discover the critical role of long extension springs in improving the efficiency of agricultural equipment.